IoT or the internet of things is characterized as a forthcoming innovation that empowers us to control equipment gadgets through the Internet. Homes of the next generation will become more and more self-controlled and mechanized because of the solace it gives, particularly when utilized in a private home. A Home automation system implies the users control electric appliances of varying kinds.
There exist many IoT-based Home Automation Projects available on the internet but none of them provides an effective way to control the speed of fans over the internet. Here, in this project, we’ll be making an IoT fan speed control circuit to control the speed of a regular fan or other appliances using Blynk.
This proposed system is an efficient and cost-effective method to control the speed of Fan. And these circuit has been designed as compact circuit that can be installed and mounted easily on ceiling or wall Fan.
WHAT IS A IoT FAN SPEED CONTROL MODULE?
At the present, the fans which are used at homes can be switched on or off manually and the speed of these ceiling fans is also controlled by using a speed regulator. But now, as technology is developing day by day, everyone is looking towards smarter and automated technologies.
Here, in our proposed system microcontroller AVR.ATcmega2560 Arduino is used to control and automating processes. This project is based on pulse width modulation for controlling the speed of the Brushless DC fan and also displaying the speed of the fan. The DHT11 temperature sensor is used to monitor the current temperature in the room and is displayed via value 16×2 LCD. Inorder to operate the Brushless DC fan we required 25KHZ frequency we used pin 13 of Arduino mega and also install the PWM library to achieve that amount of frequency. ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is used to detect the temperature value from any place which is connected to the Arduino mega. In this system, three pushbuttons are used to set up the fan speed as your requirement. These pushbuttons play a major role in setting the temperature value and also the speed of the fan.
Moreover, the PIR sensor is also used for detecting human motion to turn ON or turn OFF the fan. In order to control the speed of the fan apply the F=F+tempcal sensor calibration where F represents the Fahrenheit Temperature value.
- If F is less than tempMin then speed of fan is set to zero or desired fan speed is FanMin.
- If F is greater than the tempmax the desired fan speed is FanMax.
For setting up the value of Tempcal, TempMin, Tempmax, Fannin & Fannin & FanMax we use three pushbuttons.
HARDWARE REQUIRED:
- ARDUINO Mega2560:
Arduino Mega 2560 is an open-source based on the Microchip ATmega2560 developed by Arduino. cc. The current version of Arduino Mega 2560 is an updated version of Arduino Mega. It has 54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. And an Atmega2560 microcontroller is used to connect with external electronics circuits. Out of 54 I/O ports, 15 pins are used for PWM output. Each pin operates at a voltage of 5V providing a maximum of 50mA. It also supports serial communication using Tx and Rx pins. The board consists of all the essential things needed to support the microcontroller.
- ESP8266 Wifi Module
ESP8266 Wifi Module AP & Station Remote Serial Wireless IoT Board designed based on an integrated chip specifically to fulfill the needs of a new connected world. It can handle all the necessary overhead for communicating with your network, such as TCP/IP stack and communicating with your 802.11 networks. The ESP8266 WiFi Module is a self-contained SoC with an integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give access to your WiFi network (or the device can act as an access point). One useful feature of Uno WiFi is support for OTA (over-the-air) programming, either for the transfer of Arduino sketches or WiFi firmware
- PIR SENSOR:
A Passive Infrared sensor is defined as an electrical sensor that detects the infrared light radiated by a warm object or used to sense motion. It is widely used to detect the motion of a human body within the sensor’s range. Hence often referred to as “PIR”, “Pyroelectric”, “Passive Infrared” and “IR Motion” sensor. These pyroelectric sensors introduce changes in their temperature due to incident infrared radiation into an electric signal. But there will be no change in the detection distance. In order to lengthen the detection distance of the detector, an optical system was added to collect the infrared radiation.
- DHT11 TEMPERATURE SENSOR:
DHT11 is a low-powered electronic device that lets us get the value of the temperature and the moisture and it uses 1 wire protocol. The sensor consists of a capacitive humidity sensor and a Thermistor connected to a high-performance 8-bit microcontroller. It measures the surrounding air and outputs a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed).DHT11 is strictly factory calibrated that is extremely accurate on humidity calibration, hence easy to interface with other microcontrollers. Using dedicated digital module acquisition technology and temperature, humidity sensors ensure the products with high reliability and excellent long-term stability.
BENEFITS OF SMART FAN SPEED CONTROLLER:
- For Simple products that will take AC input and control Output.
- Act just like a series device between appliances
- Ready to go without any modifications.
- Use an internet connection and connect to the nearby Wi-Fi network to get internet connectivity.
- Use Mobile application (not custom but readymade tool).
- Control up to 250 Watt of appliances on a single go and without much modifications.
- Have a Buzzer that will notify the user when any changes in the state are happening.
CONCLUSION:
Our proposed system with IoT and Arduino-based Smart Fan speed Controller system has been designed and executed successfully. The output of the system was checked by setting the temperature at different levels with the help of a push button and it was recorded that the fan speed changes accordingly. This device is a perfect choice for handicapped people. This proposed circuit can be used not only in Fan but also in many practical applications, where the circuit can be connected to a device for whose temperature has to be controlled at a particular value. Moreover, this designed circuit helps in preventing the waste of energy when it is not hot enough to use a fan and assists the disabled to switch on or off fan automatically.